Bacterial biofilms are formed by communities that are embedded in a self-produced matrix of
extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). Importantly, bacteria in biofilms exhibit a set …

Protists include all eukaryotes except plants, fungi and animals. They are an essential, yet
often forgotten, component of the soil microbiome. Method developments have now …

Numerous bacteria utilize molecular communication systems referred to as quorum sensing
(QS) to synchronize the expression of certain genes regulating, among other aspects, the …

The capacity to release genetic material into the extracellular medium has been reported in
cultures of numerous species of bacteria, archaea, and fungi, and also in the context of …

Human epithelia are constantly exposed to microorganisms present in the environment or
residing as part of commensal flora. Despite this exposure, infections involving the skin and …

In nature, bacteria alternate between two modes of growth: a unicellular life phase, in which
the cells are free-swimming (planktonic), and a multicellular life phase, in which the cells are …

The recent focus on complex bacterial communities has led to the recognition of interactions
across species boundaries. This is particularly pronounced in multispecies biofilms, where …

In most environments, bacteria reside primarily in biofilms, which are social consortia of cells
that are embedded in an extracellular matrix and undergo developmental programmes …

As terrestrial leaf litter decomposes in rivers, its constituent elements follow multiple
pathways. Carbon leached as dissolved organic matter can be quickly taken up by …

Recent research has revealed that horizontal gene transfer and biofilm formation are
connected processes. Although published research investigating this interconnectedness is …