Background: During the 20th century the alpha coefficient (α) was widely used in the
estimation of the internal consistency reliability of test scores. After misuses were identified …

This article compares two missing data procedures, full information maximum likelihood
(FIML) and multiple imputation (MI), to investigate their relative performances in relation to …

It is well known that successful second language (L2) learners are motivated individuals.
Accordingly, L2 researchers have tested the predictive power of different motivational …

This study investigates the performance of robust maximum likelihood (ML) estimators when
fitting and evaluating small sample latent growth models with non-normal missing data …

While separating the calf from the dairy cow shortly after birth is common practice around the
world, stakeholders have conflicting perspectives on whether this practice is harmful or …

Large amounts of missing data could distort item parameter estimation and lead to biased
ability estimates in educational assessments. Therefore, missing responses should be …

Background Physical inactivity is one of the most influential and pervasive risk factors for
health problems. Therefore, public health experts call for interventions to promote physical …

Early detection of deteriorating mental health for women who are experiencing symptoms
associated with perimenopause and menopause is critical to ensure the well‐being of …

Background Cancer survivors are at elevated risk of psychological problems related to
COVID-19, yet no published measure adequately assesses their psychosocial experiences …

Objective Commonly-used youth anxiety measures may not comprehensively capture fears,
worries, and experiences related to the pervasive impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. This …