Comorbidities in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) has become an area of increasing
interest in the recent years. A comorbidity is defined as any additional disease that coexists …

Personalized treatment is ideal for multiple sclerosis (MS) owing to the heterogeneity of
clinical features, but current knowledge gaps, including validation of biomarkers and …

Importance Treatment strategies for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) vary
markedly between Denmark and Sweden. The difference in the association of these national …

In the past decade, changes have occurred in the spectrum of multiple sclerosis courses.
The natural history of multiple sclerosis appears milder from the first sign of demyelinating …

Using a philosophical approach or deductive reasoning, we challenge the dominant clinico-
radiological worldview that defines multiple sclerosis (MS) as a focal inflammatory disease …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common, severe neurological disease that affects millions of
people worldwide. Nevertheless, the actual cause of MS remains unknown. Smoking has …

Background and purpose Cardiovascular risk factors and comorbidities can affect the
prognosis of multiple sclerosis (MS). The Framingham risk score is an algorithm that can …

The clinical course of multiple sclerosis (MS) is highly variable among patients, thus creating
important challenges for the neurologist to appropriately treat and monitor patient progress …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a lifelong inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease influenced
by multiple lifestyle-based factors. We provide a narrative review of the effects of modifiable …

Background The link between tobacco smoking and Multiple Sclerosis (MS) onset and
progression is well-established. While clinical levels of depression and anxiety are highly …