Maternal health during pregnancy plays a major role in shaping health and disease risks in
the offspring. The maternal immune activation hypothesis proposes that inflammatory …

Health-related conditions often differ qualitatively or quantitatively between individuals of
different birth-assigned sexes and gender identities, and/or with different gendered …

Abstract Purpose of Review Neurodevelopmental disorders disproportionately affect males.
The mechanisms underlying male vulnerability or female protection are not known and …

The impact of infections and inflammation during pregnancy on the developing fetal brain
remains incompletely defined, with important clinical and research gaps. Although the …

An expert review of the aetiology, assessment, and treatment of autism spectrum disorder,
and recommendations for diagnosis, management and service provision was coordinated …

Epidemiologic studies, including prospective birth cohort investigations, have implicated
maternal immune activation in the etiology of neuropsychiatric disorders. Maternal infectious …

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has captured the attention of scientists, clinicians and the
lay public because of its uncertain origins and striking and unexplained clinical …

The developing brain is sensitive to a variety of insults. Epidemiological studies have
identified prenatal exposure to infection as a risk factor for a range of neurological disorders …

Maternal immune activation (MIA) in response to a viral infection during early and mid-
gestation has been linked through various epidemiological studies to a higher risk for the …

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are a heterogeneous group of neurodevelopmental
disorders characterized by problems with social communication, social interaction, and …