Background Plastic responses of plants to the environment are ubiquitous. Phenotypic
plasticity occurs in many forms and at many biological scales, and its adaptive value …

Coralline algae are globally distributed benthic primary producers that secrete calcium
carbonate skeletons. In the context of ocean acidification, they have received much recent …

In the marine environment any solid, exposed undefended surface will become fouled.
Similarly, fouling may effect numerous species which are able to tolerate a certain degree of …

Plants face a daunting array of creatures that eat them, bore into them, and otherwise use
virtually every plant part for food, shelter, or both. But although plants cannot flee from their …

Herbivory has a profound effect on seaweeds in both temperate and tropical communities
(11, 17, 21, 33, 43, 47, 80, 124). This is especially true on coral reefs where 60-97%(11, 42) …

This paper focuses on phenotypic plasticity as a major mode of adaptation in plants. A
methodological critique examines difficulties in studying plasticity, including the conceptually …

Inducible defenses are responses activated through a previous encounter with a consumer
or competitor that confer some degree of resistance to subsequent attacks. While the …

Quantitative genetic models are used to investigate the evolution of generalists and
specialists in a coarse‐grained environment with two habitat types when there are costs …

Recent instances of bioinvasion, such as the emergence of the zebra mussel in the
American Great Lakes, generated a demand among marine biologists and ecologists for …

In this review, I summarize recent developments in marine chemical ecology and suggest
additional studies that should be especially productive. Direct tests in both the field and …