Mitochondrial dysfunction has been associated with neurodegeneration in Parkinson's
disease (PD) for over 30 years. Despite this, the role of mitochondrial dysfunction as an …

Impaired protein homeostasis and accumulation of damaged or abnormally modified protein
are common disease mechanisms in many neurodegenerative disorders, including …

The discovery of genetic forms of Parkinson's disease (PD) has highlighted the importance
of the autophagy/lysosomal and mitochondrial/oxidative stress pathways in disease …

The cause of Parkinson's disease (PD) remains unknown in most patients. Since 1997, with
the first genetic mutation known to cause PD described in SNCA gene, many other genes …

Missense mutations in the LRRK2 (Leucine-rich repeat protein kinase-2) and VPS35 genes
result in autosomal dominant Parkinson's disease. The VPS35 gene encodes for the cargo …

The dopamine transporter (DAT) transports extracellular dopamine into the intracellular
space contributing to the regulation of dopamine neurotransmission. A reduction of DAT …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders, affecting
1–1.5% of the total population. While progress has been made in understanding the …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder resulting from the
death of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Our understanding of PD …

Autosomal dominant missense mutations that hyperactivate the leucine-rich repeat protein
kinase-2 (LRRK2) are a common cause of inherited Parkinson's disease and therapeutic …

In recent years, multiple lines of evidence from human genetic and molecular studies have
highlighted the importance of the autophagy lysosomal pathway (ALP) in Parkinson's …