Breast cancer is the second leading cause of death for women worldwide. The
heterogeneity of this disease presents a big challenge in its therapeutic management …

Simple Summary Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive subtype of
breast cancer that cannot be treated with endocrine therapy and Her2-targeted therapy …

Quantitative systems pharmacology (QSP) modeling is an emerging mechanistic
computational approach that couples drug pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics and the …

Purpose: Programmed death ligand 1 [PD-(L) 1]-targeted therapies have shown modest
survival benefit in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). PD-L1+ microenvironments in …

Simple Summary Triple-negative breast cancer has been historically considered an orphan
disease in terms of therapeutic options. To date, chemotherapy is still the mainstay of …

In the classification and typing of breast cancer, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is one
type of refractory breast cancer, while chemotherapy stays in the traditional treatment …

Background Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) development may be associated with
tumor immune escape. This study explores whether the CHI3L1/MAF/CTLA4/S100A4 axis …

Simple Summary This review summarizes reports from the latest clinical trials assessing the
safety and clinical effectiveness of new biological drugs stimulating the immune system to …

Breast cancer has become the most common malignant tumor worldwide. Triple-negative
breast cancer (TNBC) is a type of breast cancer that is negative for estrogen receptor (ER) …

Simple Summary Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the deadliest subtype of breast
cancer, with limited treatment options. This review summarizes the most recent applications …