In order to arrest the incidence of global warming brought about by the emission of
greenhouse gases notably CO 2 into the atmosphere, the use of materials that can substitute …

This paper reviews previous research carried out on the use of oil palm kernel shell (OPKS)
as lightweight aggregate (LWA). OPKS is a waste material obtained during the extraction of …

Concrete is the most commonly used construction material. The physical properties of
concrete vary with the type of concrete, such as high and ultra-high-strength concrete, fibre …

Energy efficiency is the predominant criterion in green building indices, which, in turn,
contributes to sustainable development. One of the materials commonly used in the …

This paper presents an experimental investigation on the durability properties and carbon
dioxide (CO 2) emissions of concrete developed using waste products. The concrete …

This paper reports the influence of different curing temperatures, calcium content and
different types of alkali activator solutions on properties of geopolymer mortars (GPM) …

The paper presents the report on the use of optimum level of palm oil fuel ash (POFA),
ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and low calcium fly-ash (FA) with …

The replacement of conventional ordinary Portland cement with industrial by-products to
produce cellular lightweight foamed concrete can have economic and environmental …

The critical challenge for the cement production industry is the high emission of greenhouse
gases. For the sustainability in a cycling economy context civil and environmental engineers …

In the realization of sustainable construction using structural lightweight concrete, the
development of oil palm shell concrete (OPSC) faced the density bottleneck of 2000kg/m3 …