Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an effective treatment for common movement disorders and
has been used to modulate neural activity through delivery of electrical stimulation to key …

Laboratory threat extinction paradigms and exposure-based therapy both involve repeated,
safe confrontation with stimuli previously experienced as threatening. This fundamental …

To optimally adjust our behavior to changing environments we need to both adjust the
speed of our decisions and movements. Yet little is known about the extent to which these …

Background Maladaptive approach-avoidance behavior has been implicated in the
pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD), but the neural basis of these …

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has developed over the last twenty years into a highly effective
evidenced-based treatment option for neuropsychiatric disorders. Moreover, it has become a …

Neurons in the primate lateral habenula fire in response to punishments and are inhibited by
rewards. Through its modulation of midbrain monoaminergic activity, the habenula is …

Background Emotional processing is a core cognitive process cutting across
neuropsychiatric disorders. Understanding the neurophysiological features underlying …

The subthalamic nucleus (STN) is known to play a role in the control of impulsivity of action
and in impulsivity of choice under certain conditions. In order to assess its influence on …

Brain disorders, particularly mental disorders, might be effectively treated by direct electrical
brain stimulation, but clinical progress requires understanding of therapeutic mechanisms …

Parkinson's disease (PD) has a chronic course. Currently, levodopa is the mainstay of
treatment. However, long-term use of levodopa is interrupted by several side effects like …