CD8+ T cells specific for cancer cells are detected within tumours. However, despite their
presence, tumours progress. The clinical success of immune checkpoint blockade and …

Malignant transformation of cells depends on accumulation of DNA damage. Over the past
years we have learned that the T cell–based immune system frequently responds to the …

Investigations into the interaction between radiotherapy and the host immune system have
uncovered new mechanisms that can potentially be exploited to improve the efficacy of …

In recent decades, the advent of immune-based therapies, most notably Chimeric antigen
receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy has revolutionized cancer treatment. The promising results of …

Radiotherapy has been used for more than a hundred years as a local tumor treatment. The
occurrence of systemic antitumor effects manifesting as regression of tumors outside of the …

Neoantigens generated by somatic nonsynonymous mutations are key targets of tumor-
specific T cells, but only a small number of mutations predicted to be immunogenic are …

The recent success of cancer immunotherapy has demonstrated the power of the immune
system to clear tumors, generating renewed enthusiasm for identifying ways to induce …

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive malignant primary brain
tumor in adults. Current treatment options typically consist of surgery followed by …

Genetic instability of tumor cells often leads to the occurrence of a large number of
mutations, and expression of non-synonymous mutations can produce tumor-specific …

Vaccination was first pioneered in the 18th century by Edward Jenner and eventually led to
the development of the smallpox vaccine and subsequently the eradication of smallpox. The …