CRISPR is becoming an indispensable tool in biological research. Once known as the
bacterial immune system against invading viruses, the programmable capacity of the Cas9 …

Establishing and maintaining cell identity depends on the proper regulation of gene
expression, as specified by transcription factors and reinforced by epigenetic mechanisms …

The RNA-guided endonuclease Cas9 can be converted into a programmable transcriptional
repressor, but inefficiencies in target-gene silencing have limited its utility. Here we describe …

Krüppel-associated box domain zinc finger proteins (KRAB-ZFPs) are the largest family of
transcriptional regulators in higher vertebrates. Characterized by an N-terminal KRAB …

Almost half of the human genome is made up of transposable elements (TEs), and about 8%
consists of endogenous retroviruses (ERVs). ERVs are remnants of ancient exogenous …

Transcription factors (TFs) regulate gene expression by binding to DNA sequences and
modulating transcriptional activity through their effector domains. Despite the central role of …

DNA methylation is extensively remodeled during mammalian gametogenesis and
embryogenesis. Most transposons become hypomethylated, raising the question of their …

More than forty per cent of the mammalian genome is derived from retroelements, of which
about one-quarter are endogenous retroviruses (ERVs). Some are still active, notably in …

The superfamily of tripartite motif-containing (TRIM) proteins is conserved throughout the
metazoan kingdom and has expanded rapidly during vertebrate evolution; there are now …

Posttranslational modification of histones has emerged as a key regulatory signal in
eukaryotic gene expression. Recent genetic and biochemical studies link H3-lysine 9 (H3 …