This review summarizes recent and very recent work on preparing substituted
hydroxyapatites. Ease of atomic doping or substitution in apatite opens this mineral up for a …

Apatite, the most common phosphate mineral, is generally described by the formula Ca5
(PO4) 3 (OH, F, Cl) or, more completely with regard to its usual description in P63/m …

The mineral component of bone and other biological calcifications is primarily a carbonate
substituted calcium apatite. Integration of carbonate into two sites, substitution for phosphate …

B-type synthetic carbonate hydroxyapatite (CHAp), natural carbonate fluorapatite (CFAp)
and silicon-substituted hydroxyapatite (SiHAp) have been studied by using micro-Raman …

The proportions of A and B carbonate ions in a selection of AB carbonate apatites, including
hydroxyapatite (CHAP), chlorapatite (CCLAP) and fluorapatite (CFAP), have been obtained …

A suite of Na-bearing type A–B carbonate hydroxyapatites {Ca10− yNay [(PO4) 6− y (CO3)
y][(OH) 2− 2x (CO3) x], x≈ y} has been synthesized at 1200° C and 0.5–1.0 GPa, and …

The structure of apatite, Ca10 (PO4) 6F2, can be described in terms of an approximate
hexagonal close packed set of spheres in which each sphere represents a tetrahedral PO4 …

Experimental and theoretical studies have demonstrated that biological and synthetic
hydroxyapatites display crystal structure similarities and differences that affect greatly the …

X-ray and time of flight neutron diffraction data, FTIR and MAS-NMR spectra, and ICP-AES
and carbonate analyses have been collected from a sodium-containing carbonate apatite …

Hydroxyapatite, tricalcium phosphate, and a mixture of these, ie biphasic calcium phosphate
(BCP), are widely employed as ceramic materials in hard tissue engineering, despite their …