Aqueous electrochemical devices such as batteries and electrolytic cells have emerged as
promising energy storage and conversion systems owing to their environmental friendliness …

Electricity is a major form of energy usable by mankind (eg, 40% of all energy consumption
in the United States in 2012), 1 and the demand for it is growing worldwide, to be doubled by …

Bipolar membranes (BPMs) are gaining interest in energy conversion technologies. These
membranes are composed of cation-and anion-exchange layers, with an interfacial layer in …

Redox flow batteries (RFBs) have great potentials in the future applications of both large
scale energy storage and powering the electrical vehicle. Critical challenges including low …

Integration of bipolar membranes (BPMs) into electrochemical cells is an established
method for acid and base generation, as well as desalinization methods. More recently …

Flow batteries (FBs) currently are one of the most promising large-scale energy storage
technologies for energy grids with a large share of renewable electricity generation. Among …

Establishing a pH difference between the two electrolytes (pH decoupling) of an aqueous
redox flow battery (ARFB) enables cell voltages exceeding the 1.23 V thermodynamic water …

The metal-hydrogen interaction and its equilibrium conditions allow for distinct properties in
metal hydrides (MHs). Based on these properties, MHs have been found to enable a range …

Here we present a multiple ion-exchange membrane (IEM) cell design for redox flow
batteries (RFBs) that can generally accommodate redox pair combinations with any mixed …

Due to the good balance between the low vanadium permeability and high proton
conductivity, AIEM (amphoteric ion exchange membrane) has attracted vast consideration …