The overwhelming bias for investigations of bilingualism is to focus on the increase of
knowledge and crosslinguistic traffic from the L1 to the L2. Developments which concern …

With contributions from leading scholars of bilingualism, Language Dominance in Bilinguals
is the first publication to survey different approaches to language dominance, along with …

This paper presents an investigation of lexical first language (L1) attrition, asking how a
decrease in lexical accessibility manifests itself in long-term residents in a second language …

The study reported in this paper examines foreign accent (FA) in adult simultaneous
bilinguals (2L1ers). Specifically, we investigate how accent is affected if a first language is …

This study examines the methodology of global foreign accent ratings in studies on L2
speech production. In three experiments, we test how variation in raters, range within …

This study investigates whether lexical knowledge in the first language (L1) of late Turkish-
Dutch bilinguals becomes less accessible for the production of fluent speech and in …

Emigration usually requires speakers to become bilingual, and eventually they may even
become dominant in their second language. This can lead to a gradual loss of proficiency in …

The present study examined whether heritage speakers (HSs) of European Portuguese (EP)
who were born or moved to a German-speaking country before the age of eight years were …

This chapter is concerned with Turkish heritage speakers (HSs) in Germany, here
exemplified by 21 early bilinguals during adulthood who live in Hamburg, North Germany …

The present study is concerned with global foreign accent (FA) in heritage speakers (HS).
Specifically, we investigate whether (i) HS acquire a native accent in both languages and (ii) …