Lu Sperling [Vision Res. 35, 2697 (1995)] proposed that human visual motion perception is
served by three separate motion systems: a first-order system that responds to moving …

Naturally occurring visual stimuli are rich in examples of objects delineated from their
backgrounds simply by differences in luminance, so-called first-order stimuli, as well as …

This comprehensively updated and expanded revision of the successful second edition
continues to provide detailed coverage of the ever-growing range of research topics in …

Second-order textures—patterns that cannot be detected by mechanisms sensitive only to
luminance changes—are ubiquitous in visual scenes, but the neuronal mechanisms …

A moving grating elicits innate optomotor behavior in zebrafish larvae; they swim in the
direction of perceived motion. We took advantage of this behavior, using computer-animated …

Many visual tasks can be carried out by using several sources of information. The most
accurate estimates of scene properties require the observer to utilize all available …

Each time we open our eyes we are confronted with an overwhelming amount of
information. Despite this, we experience a seemingly effortless understanding of our visual …

Thevisual system can use a rich variety of contours to segment visual scenes into distinct
perceptually coherent regions. However, successfully segmenting an image is a …

We perceive motion when presented with spatiotemporal changes in contrast (second-order
cue). This requires linear signals to be rectified and then summed in temporal order to …

Visual motion is sensed by low-level (energy-based) and high-level (feature-based)
mechanisms. Ocular following responses (OFR) were elicited in humans by applying …