The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the largest organelle of the cell, composed of a
continuous network of sheets and tubules, and is involved in protein, calcium (Ca2+), and …

Valve replacement is the main therapy for valvular heart disease, in which a diseased valve
is replaced by mechanical heart valve (MHV) or bioprosthetic heart valve (BHV). Since the …

Nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEF) have been shown to exert anticancer effects;
however, little is known about the mechanisms triggered in cancer cells by nanosecond …

Introduction In calcium electroporation (CaEP), electroporation enables the cellular uptake
of supraphysiological concentrations of Ca2+, causing the induction of cell death. The …

Electroporation with pulsed electric fields show a potential to be applied as an experimental
focal therapy of tumors. Sub-microsecond regime of electric pulses displays unique …

Natural products play significant roles in the development of novel drugs. One of such
compounds is vanillin–a natural substance commonly used in food. Anticancer potential of …

Cancer cells possess specific properties, such as multidrug resistance or unlimited
proliferation potential, due to the presence of specific proteins on their cell membranes. The …

Nanosecond pulsed electric field (nsPEF) has emerged as a promising approach for
inducing cell death in melanoma, either as a standalone treatment or in combination with …

Estrogens (Es) play a significant role in the carcinogenesis and progression of ovarian
malignancies. Depending on the concentration, Es may have a protective or toxic effect on …

Electroporation is influenced by the features of the targeted cell membranes, eg, the
cholesterol content and the surface tension of the membrane. The latter is eventually …