Heterogeneous catalysis has provided a viable alternative to homogeneous catalysis for the
production of low-cost biodiesel fuel, overcoming the constraints of homogeneous catalysis …

In recent years, biodiesel has attracted increasing interest as a substitute for fossil fuels.
However, the cost of producing biodiesel is far greater than that of fossil fuels. As a means of …

In this study, the potential of LaPO 4 foam as a heterogeneous catalyst to produce biodiesel
from highly acidic waste cooking oil (WCO) was investigated. The LaPO 4 supported nickel …

To intensify biodiesel production, sonication and heterogeneous catalysis has received
widespread focus from the research community. In this study, sonication was used for the …

Presently, the use of fossil fuels is not ecologically sustainable, which results in the need for
new alternative energies such as biodiesel. This work presents a review of the classification …

Biomass-derived catalysts are being intensively studied as potential replacements for
traditional chemical catalysts in the sustainable generation of biodiesel because of their …

Biodiesel is a promising alternative to fossil fuels and mainly produced from oils/fat through
the (trans) esterification process. To enhance the reaction efficiency and simplify the …

Biodiesel and hydrogen are promising liquid and gas energy source alternatives to satisfy
fossil fuel demand. In this study, a heterogeneous catalyst, spent coffee grounds derived …

The application of biomass-based sources for energy generation has attracted much interest
in recent times due to their environmental benefits. In this study, the potential use of rubber …

The valorisation of lignin is being increasingly recognised to improve the economics of pulp
and paper making mills. In the present study, an integrated lignin–glycerol valorisation …