Objective To present norms and demonstrate the anthropometric variations in fronto-
occipital circumference, inner and outer canthal distances, near and distant [far] anatomical …

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the reliability of interpupillary distance
(IPD) and pupil diameter (PD) measures using an infrared eye tracker and central point …

Purpose The aim of this study was to report normative values and ranges of interpupillary
distance (IPD) in different age groups of a Turkish population. Methods A total of 756 healthy …

A mismatch between the interpupillary distance (IPD) and inter-optical system distance
(IOSD) in virtual reality (VR) applications can lead to discomfort. The IOSD must be …

Citation information: Pointer JS. The interpupillary distance in adult Caucasian subjects, with
reference to 'readymade'reading spectacle centration. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2012, 32, 324 …

Clinical relevance Accurate measurement of several physiognomy parameters
(interpupillary, nasopupillary and fitting height distances) and frame angles (pantoscopic …

Purpose Ophthalmic lens adaptation, particularly with progressive addition lenses, requires
accurate measurements of the patient nasopupillary distance (NPD) and interpupillary …

AIM: The purpose was to investigate the index by which facial height/width ratio is optimally
determined and the reliability of anthropometrical measurements. MATERIAL AND …

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) describe a range of physical, behavioral, and
neurologic deficits in individuals exposed to alcohol prenatally. Reduced palpebral fissure …

Methods Thirty-three participants consisting of single vision spectacle wearers with either a
low (N= 12, mean age 34±14 years) or high prescription (N= 11, mean age 28±9 years) and …