Fungal infections of the CNS are challenging to treat and their optimal management requires
knowledge of their epidemiology, host characteristics, diagnostic criteria, and therapeutic …

Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated and neurodegenerative
disease with an unpredictable outcome. Immune-modulatory treatment aims at decreasing …

In the past decade, the therapeutic arsenal for multiple sclerosis has expanded greatly.
Newer more potent disease modifying therapies (DMTs) with varying mechanisms of actions …

Cryptococcus-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (C-IRIS) is a
condition frequently occurring in immunocompromised patients receiving antiretroviral …

Abstract Purpose of Review Defective cell–mediated immunity is a major risk factor for
cryptococcosis, a fatal disease if untreated. Cryptococcal meningitis (CM), the main …

Activation of immunomodulatory pathways in response to invasive fungi can impair
clearance and promote persistent infections. The programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) …

Introduction Viral, bacterial, or fungal infections are suspected of triggering multiple sclerosis
(MS) and promoting relapses of the disease and are likely to be promoted by immune-active …

Background and Objectives To describe the characteristics of patients with MS reporting
cryptococcal meningitis (CM) while treated with fingolimod. Methods The Novartis safety …

Introduction: The important development that the multiple sclerosis (MS) treatment field has
experienced in the last years comes along with the need of dealing with new adverse events …

Introduction: Disease modifying treatments are commonly used in the treatment of multiple
sclerosis. As different opportunistic infections have been reported, concerns are also raised …