Calcium (Ca2+) is a unique mineral that serves as both a nutrient and a signal in all
eukaryotes. To maintain Ca2+ homeostasis for both nutrition and signaling purposes, the …

Integrins are heterodimeric cell surface receptors ensuring the mechanical connection
between cells and the extracellular matrix. In addition to the anchorage of cells to the …

Focal adhesion kinase (FAK), a nonreceptor cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase, is a vital
participant in primary cellular functions, such as proliferation, survival, migration, and …

The development of germ cells relies on contact and communication with neighboring
somatic cells that provide metabolic support and regulatory signals. In females, contact is …

Germ cells are physically coupled to somatic support cells of the gonad during
differentiation, but this coupling must be disrupted when they are mature, freeing them to …

Background Glioblastomas stem-like cells (GSCs) by invading the brain parenchyma,
remains after resection and radiotherapy and the tumoral microenvironment become stiffer …

Neurodegenerative disorders represent a major and growing healthcare challenge globally.
Among the numerous molecular pathways implicated in their pathogenesis, calpain …

The precision with which neurons form connections is crucial for the normal development
and function of the nervous system. The development of neuronal circuitry in the nervous …

The development of a functional nervous system entails establishing connectivity between
appropriate synaptic partners. During axonal pathfinding, the developing axon navigates …

Single cell branching during development in vertebrates is typified by neuronal branching to
form neurites and vascular branches formed by sprouting angiogenesis. Neurons and …