Abstract Safety tested Modified Vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) is licensed as third-generation
vaccine against smallpox and serves as a potent vector system for development of new …

Since the discovery in 1796 by Edward Jenner of vaccinia virus as a way to prevent and
finally eradicate smallpox, the concept of using a virus to fight another virus has evolved into …

Background BCG vaccination provides incomplete protection against tuberculosis in infants.
A new vaccine, modified Vaccinia Ankara virus expressing antigen 85A (MVA85A), was …

Previous work with small-animal laboratory models of tuberculosis has shown that
vaccination strategies based on heterologous prime-boost protocols using Mycobacterium …

Tuberculosis (TB), caused by respiratory infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, remains
a major global health threat. The only licensed TB vaccine, the one-hundred-year-old Bacille …

We report the involvement of an evolutionarily conserved set of mycobacterial genes, the
esx-3 region, in evasion of bacterial killing by innate immunity. Whereas high-dose …

Background HIV-1 infection is associated with increased risk of tuberculosis and a safe and
effective vaccine would assist control measures. We assessed the safety, immunogenicity …

Tuberculosis (TB) disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) remains one of the
leading infectious causes of death and disease throughout the world. The only licensed …

In the search for effective vaccines against intracellular pathogens such as HIV, tuberculosis
and malaria, recombinant viral vectors are increasingly being used to boost previously …

Background. The efficacy of bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) may be enhanced by
heterologous vaccination strategies that boost the BCG-primed immune response. One …