Effective motor performance is important for surviving and thriving, and skilled movement is
critical in many activities. Much theorizing over the past few decades has focused on how …

Explore-exploit decisions require us to trade off the benefits of exploring unknown options to
learn more about them, with exploiting known options, for immediate reward. Such decisions …

This article proposes that biologically plausible theories of behavior can be constructed by
following a method of “phylogenetic refinement,” whereby they are progressively elaborated …

The home quarantine in the COVID-19 pandemic has created challenges for teaching
across the world and called for innovative teaching, as well as teachers' learning. Given the …

Many recognize that several behaviors potentially affecting the reward circuitry in human
brains lead to a loss of control and other symptoms of addiction in at least some individuals …

Background Glucagon-like peptide1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists have been found to reduce
alcohol drinking in rodents and overweight patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD) …

Flexible decision-making requires animals to forego immediate rewards (exploitation) and
try novel choice options (exploration) to discover if they are preferable to familiar …

Primates interact with the world by exploring visual objects; they seek opportunities to view
novel objects even when these have no extrinsic reward value. How the brain controls this …

Foraging is a fundamental behavior, and many types of animals appear to have solved
foraging problems using a shared set of mechanisms. Perhaps the most common foraging …

Open-label placebos (OLP)—placebo pills honestly prescribed—have challenged the notion
that placebos require either deception or concealment to evoke salubrious benefits. This …