A link between oxidative stress and hypertension has been firmly established in multiple
animal models of hypertension but remains elusive in humans. While initial studies focused …

Hypertension is regarded as the most prominent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases,
which have become a primary cause of death, and recent research has demonstrated that …

Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death and reduced quality of life, proven by
the latest data of the Global Burden of Disease Study, and is only gaining in prevalence …

The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system plays crucial roles in cardiovascular physiology
and pathophysiology. However, many of the signaling mechanisms have been unclear. The …

Obesity and hypertension, which often coexist, are major risk factors for heart failure and are
characterized by chronic, low-grade inflammation, which promotes adverse cardiac …

Hypertension affects 30% of adults and is the leading risk factor for heart attack and stroke.
Traditionally, hypertension has been regarded as a disorder of two systems that are involved …

Crosstalk between the gut microbiota and the host has attracted considerable attention
owing to its involvement in diverse diseases. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is commonly …

Elevated cardiovascular risk including stroke, heart failure, and heart attack is present even
after normalization of blood pressure in patients with hypertension. Underlying immune cell …

The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has rapidly evolved into a global pandemic. The …

Vascular disease and heart failure impart an enormous burden in terms of global morbidity
and mortality. Although there are many different causes of cardiac and vascular disease …