Basic experimental stem cell research has opened up the possibility of many diverse clinical
applications; however, translation to clinical trials has been restricted to only a few diseases …

The challenges in making animal models of complex human epilepsy phenotypes with
varied aetiology highlights the need to develop alternative disease models that can address …

Multivalent interaction is often used in molecular design and leads to engineered multivalent
ligands with increased binding avidities toward target molecules. The resulting binding …

Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling influences neurogenesis and neural patterning during the
development of central nervous system. Dysregulation of Shh signaling in brain leads to …

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a common, severe damage to the central nervous system. Here,
we discuss the use of biomaterials for stem cell transplantation in preclinical and clinical …

Three-dimensional organoids derived from human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) derivatives
have become widely used in vitro models for studying development and disease. Their …

Both human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) from embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and induced
pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) have the potential ability to differentiate into many different …

Polyvalent interactions, where multiple ligands and receptors interact simultaneously, are
ubiquitous in nature. Synthetic polyvalent molecules, therefore, have the ability to affect …

Multivalent interactions in which multiple ligands on one object bind to multiple receptors on
another are commonly found in natural biological systems. In addition, these interactions …

There is substantial evidence that cells produce a diverse response to changes in ECM
stiffness depending on their identity. Our aim was to understand how stiffness impacts …