Given the key role ports play in the trade and economic growth of countries, port managers
are looking for ways to increase efficiency and improve port performance. To this end, the …

This paper provides insights into the potential of cold-ironing for the reduction of
externalities. External cost derived from the emissions of CO 2, NO x, SO x, and PM from …

The rapid development of China's port industry has led to serious CO 2 emission problems.
In this study, using the panel data of 16 port enterprises in China during 2013–2018, we first …

Shipping has well-documented environmental impacts, among which are greenhouse gas
emissions that contribute to climate change and global warming. Measurement of the …

Specialisation is a common strategy followed by ports to face the challenges of
globalisation, changes in the naval industry and maritime operations. The main objective of …

A major goal for port authorities, operators, and investors is to achieve efficient operations
and effective environmental protection. This is because the environmental performance of a …

Abstract Port State Control (PSC) guarantees that foreign ships do not jeopardize marine
safety, security, and the environment when entering foreign ports. To share inspection …

State road transport undertakings (STUs) in India are public utility services that link diverse
terrains and remote and hilly areas throughout the country and play a vital role in enhancing …

This paper analyzes the effects of privately managed terminals on the technical efficiency of
Spanish ports for the period 2002–2018. Technical efficiency has been measured by both …

The global economy's rapid expansion highlights the need for sustainable development in
ports. However, existing research has overlooked the crucial aspect of social sustainability …