Background Addition of temozolomide (TMZ) to radiotherapy (RT) improves overall survival
(OS) in patients with glioblastoma (GBM), but previous studies suggest that patients with …

Glioblastomas are aggressive brain tumors that are largely immunotherapy resistant. This is
associated with immunosuppression and a dysfunctional tumor vasculature, which hinder T …

Background Checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy has not proven clinically effective in
glioblastoma. This lack of effectiveness may be partially attributable to the frequent …

Simple Summary Glioblastoma (GBM) poses a formidable challenge as a central nervous
system tumor with extremely limited responsiveness to conventional treatments. While …

Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) is a potent immunosuppressive enzyme that inhibits
the antitumor immune response through both tryptophan metabolism and non-enzymatic …

Standard-of-care treatment for Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is comprised of surgery and
adjuvant chemoradiation. Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has …

Abstract Background and Purpose Immunotherapy is actively explored in glioblastoma
(GBM) to improve patient prognosis. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are abundant …

Background Given that only a subset of patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM)
responds to immuno‐oncology, this study aimed to assess the impact of multiple factors on …

Methods: Papers on treatment-related lymphopenia were retrieved to analyze the role of
lymphocytes in tumor control, the role of radiotherapy in inducing lymphopenia, understand …

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and malignant type of primary brain
tumor in adults. Despite important advances in understanding the molecular pathogenesis …