or therapeutic medical strategies. However, the ESC Guidelines do not override in any way
whatsoever the individual responsibility of health professionals to make appropriate and …

Mounting evidence has firmly established that low levels of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF)
are associated with a high risk of cardiovascular disease, all-cause mortality, and mortality …

Importance Endurance exercise is effective in improving peak oxygen consumption (peak
V̇o 2) in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). However, it …

Obesity is a complex disease that affects whole body metabolism and is associated with an
increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and Type 2 diabetes (T2D). Physical …

Aerobic capacity, which is expressed as peak oxygen consumption (VO 2peak), is well-
known to be an independent predictor of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular prognosis …

Despite the advancement in medicine, management of heart failure (HF), which usually
presents as a disease syndrome, has been a challenge to healthcare providers. This is …

Background Aerobic exercise reduces blood pressure (BP), but it is unknown whether a high-
intensity training approach can elicit a greater BP reduction in populations with elevated BP …

Background Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) for patients with cardiovascular disease has
traditionally involved low‐to moderate‐intensity continuous aerobic exercise training (MICT) …

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is one of the most common forms of
heart failure; its prevalence is increasing, and outcomes are worsening. Affected patients …

We hypothesized that high-intensity interval training (HIIT) would be more effective than
moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) at improving endothelial function and …