Comorbid conditions commonly affect people with multiple sclerosis (MS). Population-based
studies indicate that people with MS have an increased incidence of ischemic heart disease …

The gut microbiome plays a pivotal role in maintaining human health, with numerous studies
demonstrating that alterations in microbial compositions can significantly affect the …

Background Several studies have shown that neurodegenerative diseases (eg, Parkinson's
disease [PD] and Alzheimer's disease [AD]) are associated with inflammatory bowel disease …

Background Multiple sclerosis (MS) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are two
autoimmune diseases that seriously affect patients' quality of life. Previous studies have …

Observational studies have shown that vitamin D supplementation reduces the risk of
COVID‐19 infection, yet little is known about the shared genomic architectures between …

Mendelian randomization (MR) is a powerful approach for assessing the causal effect of
putative risk factors on an outcome, using genetic variants as instrumental variables. The …

Background Observational studies have indicated associations between inflammatory bowel
disease (IBD) and neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease (PD) …

Introduction Substantial links between autoimmune diseases have been shown by an
increasing number of studies, and one hypothesis for this comorbidity is that there is a …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurodegenerative autoimmune disease, characterised
by the demyelination of neurons in the central nervous system. Whilst it is unclear what …

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) has been reported to be associated with intestinal inflammation and
gut dysbiosis. To elucidate the underlying biology of MS-linked gut inflammation, we …