For more than 30 years, the association between the Hawaiian bobtail squid, Euprymna
scolopes, and the bioluminescent bacterium Vibrio fischeri has been studied as a model …

Covering: through 2014 Many organisms team up with microbes for defense against
predators, parasites, parasitoids, or pathogens. Here we review the described protective …

Bacteria and fungi can form a range of physical associations that depend on various modes
of molecular communication for their development and functioning. These bacterial-fungal …

In the last two decades, the widespread application of genetic and genomic approaches has
revealed a bacterial world astonishing in its ubiquity and diversity. This review examines …

Avoiding Attack discusses the diversity of mechanisms by which prey avoid predator attacks
and explores how such defensive mechanisms have evolved through natural selection. It …

The research of probiotics for aquatic animals is increasing with the demand for environment-
friendly aquaculture. The probiotics were defined as live microbial feed supplements that …

Marine organisms produce a large array of natural products with relevance in drug
discovery. These compounds have biological activities such as antioxidant, antibacterial …

Wolbachia are vertically transmitted, obligatory intracellular bacteria that infect a great
number of species of arthropods and nematodes. In insects, they are mainly known for …

Secondary metabolites, including antibiotics, are produced in nature and serve survival
functions for the organisms producing them. The antibiotics are a heterogeneous group, the …

In the aquatic environment, biofilms on solid surfaces are omnipresent. The outer body
surface of marine organisms often represents a highly active interface between host and …