Cysteine proteases (CPs) play key roles in the pathogenesis of protozoan parasites,
including cell/tissue penetration, hydrolysis of host or parasite proteins, autophagy, and …

Toxoplasma (toxoplasmosis) and Plasmodium (malaria) use unique secretory organelles for
migration, cell invasion, manipulation of host cell functions, and cell egress. In particular, the …

Induction of immunity that limits Toxoplasma gondii infection in mice is critically dependent
on the activation of the innate immune response. In this study, we investigated the role of …

Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular parasite that infects a wide range of warm-blooded
species. Rats vary in their susceptibility to this parasite. The Toxo1 locus conferring …

The protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii resides within a nonfusogenic vacuole during
intracellular replication. Although the limiting membrane of this vacuole provides a protective …

Giardia duodenalis (syn. G. intestinalis, G. lamblia) infections are a leading cause of
waterborne diarrheal disease that can also result in the development of postinfectious …

Many intracellular pathogens subvert host membrane trafficking pathways to promote their
replication. Toxoplasma multiplies in a membrane-bound parasitophorous vacuole (PV) that …

Globally, nearly 2 billion people are infected with the intracellular protozoan Toxoplasma
gondii 1. This persistent infection can cause severe disease in immunocompromised people …

Giardia duodenalis (syn. G. intestinalis, or G. lamblia) is a leading cause of waterborne
diarrheal disease that infects hundreds of millions of people annually. Research on Giardia …

Toxoplasma gondii belongs to the phylum Apicomplexa and is an important cause of
congenital disease and infection in immunocompromised patients. T. gondii shares several …