Traditional veterinary virus vaccines, such as inactivated and live-attenuated vaccines, have
achieved tremendous success in controlling many viral diseases of livestock and chickens …

Simple Summary Continuous mutations of the foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV) result in
the emergence of new topotypes and lineages of FMDV, which contribute to an occasional …

To enhance the potency of a foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccine, saponin was included
in the vaccine formula. In this study, the combined effect of Montanide ISA 50 and saponin …

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is an extremely contagious viral disease affects all cloven-
hoofed animals. The present study aimed to investigate the epidemiological situation of FMD …

Since 2006, Egypt has been affected by eleven various foot-and-mouth disease virus
(FMDV) lineages. Accordingly, the nucleotide sequences of the 1D gene and the genes …

Molecular epidemiology research on foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) viruses typically
requires information on the study population and a sufficient number of samples for accurate …

Egypt is one of the countries threaten with foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV) that attacks
animals every year. The introduction of new topotypes/lineages of the existing FMD viruses …

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is an important viral disease in cloven-hoofed animals
endemic in Egypt. Inactivated oil adjuvant FMD vaccines are widely used in prophylactic …

Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is an extremely contagious transboundary disease affecting
cloven-hoofed animals. The uncontrolled animal movement has a significant role in the …

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is posing serious economic losses if not stringently
controlled. This study aimed to characterize FMD virus (FMDV) in suspected samples which …