The brain and gastrointestinal tract are critical sensory organs responsible for detecting,
relaying, integrating, and responding to signals derived from the internal and external …

The intestinal mucosa provides a selective permeable barrier for nutrient absorption and
protection from external factors. It consists of epithelial cells, immune cells and their …

Background COVID-19 manifests with respiratory, systemic, and gastrointestinal (GI)
symptoms. 1, SARS-CoV-2 RNA is detected in respiratory and fecal samples, and recent …

Background While the leading symptoms during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are
acute and the majority of patients fully recover, a significant fraction of patients now …

Dynamic interactions between gut microbiota and a host's innate and adaptive immune
systems are essential in maintaining intestinal homeostasis and inhibiting inflammation. Gut …

Gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALT) are the key antigen sampling and adaptive immune
inductive sites within the intestinal wall. Human GALT includes the multi-follicular Peyer's …

Over the last two decades our understanding of the gut microbiota and its contribution to
health and disease has been transformed. Among a new 'generation'of potentially beneficial …

The gastrointestinal (GI) system contains many different types of immune cells, making it a
key immune organ system in the human body. In the last decade, our knowledge has …

Macrophages are essential for the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis, yet appear to be
drivers of inflammation in the context of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). How these …

The commensal microbiota has been implicated in the regulation of a diverse array of
physiological processes, both within the gastrointestinal tract and at distant tissue sites …