The thermal conductivities of materials are extremely important for many practical
applications, such as in understanding the thermal balance and history of the Earth, energy …

Pressure has long been recognized as a fundamental thermodynamic variable but its
application was previously limited by the available pressure vessels and probes. The …

The literature on vibrational thermodynamics of materials is reviewed. The emphasis is on
metals and alloys, especially on the progress over the last decade in understanding …

Earth's inner core is predominantly composed of solid iron (Fe) and displays intriguing
properties such as strong shear softening and an ultrahigh Poisson's ratio. Insofar, physical …

Pressure profoundly alters all states of matter. The symbiotic development of ultrahigh-
pressure diamond anvil cells, to compress samples to sustainable multi-megabar pressures; …

We have critically reviewed and discussed currently available information regarding the spin
and valence states of iron in lower mantle minerals and the associated effects of the spin …

In this section the contribution of CPO to seismic anisotropy in the deep Earth with cases of
olivine and the role of melt is illustrated. The CPO in rocks of upper-mantle origin is now well …

It is shown how ab initio techniques based on density functional theory can be used to
calculate the chemical potentials of the leading candidate impurity elements (S, O and Si) in …

Nuclear resonant scattering techniques with synchrotron radiation (SR) are introduced on a
basic level. We focus on the theoretical background and on experimental aspects of two …

The Earth's magnetic field is powered by energy supplied by the slow cooling and freezing
of the liquid iron core. Efforts to determine the thermal and chemical history of the core have …