Although classically appreciated for their role as the powerhouse of the cell, the metabolic
functions of mitochondria reach far beyond bioenergetics. In this Review, we discuss how …

Pyruvate is a keystone molecule critical for numerous aspects of eukaryotic and human
metabolism. Pyruvate is the end-product of glycolysis, is derived from additional sources in …

Mammalian embryogenesis requires rapid growth and proper metabolic regulation.
Midgestation features increasing oxygen and nutrient availability concomitant with fetal …

Leigh syndrome is the most common pediatric presentation of mitochondrial disease. This
neurodegenerative disorder is genetically heterogeneous, and to date pathogenic mutations …

The mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) irreversibly decarboxylates
pyruvate to acetyl coenzyme A, thereby linking glycolysis to the tricarboxylic acid cycle and …

Purpose: The purpose of this statement is to review the literature regarding mitochondrial
disease and to provide recommendations for optimal diagnosis and treatment. This …

Metabolic pathways involved in lactate metabolism are important to understand the
physiological response to exercise and the pathogenesis of prevalent diseases such as …

Information about normal hepatic glucose metabolism may help to understand pathogenic
mechanisms underlying obesity and diabetes mellitus. In addition, liver glucose metabolism …

During sprouting angiogenesis, an individual endothelial tip cell grows out from a pre-
existing vascular network and guides following and proliferating stalk cells to form a new …

The pyruvate dehydrogenase complexes (PDCs) from all known living organisms comprise
three principal catalytic components for their mission: E1 and E2 generate acetyl-coenzyme …