The nuclear pore complex (NPC) serves as the sole bidirectional gateway of
macromolecules in and out of the nucleus. Owing to its size and complexity (∼ 1,000 protein …

Gram-negative bacteria have a double-membrane cellular envelope that enables them to
colonize harsh environments and prevents the entry of many clinically available antibiotics …

Membrane lipid homeostasis is a vital facet of bacterial cell physiology. For decades,
research in bacterial lipid synthesis was largely confined to the Escherichia coli model …

Collective antibiotic drug resistance is a global threat, especially with respect to Gram-
negative bacteria. The low permeability of the bacterial outer cell wall has been identified as …

The type 9 secretion system (T9SS) is the protein export pathway of bacteria of the Gram-
negative Fibrobacteres–Chlorobi–Bacteroidetes superphylum and is an essential …

To replicate inside macrophages and cause tuberculosis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis must
scavenge a variety of nutrients from the host,. The mammalian cell entry (MCE) proteins are …

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is essential for most Gram-negative bacteria and has crucial roles
in protection of the bacteria from harsh environments and toxic compounds, including …

Pathogenic bacteria have evolved highly specialized systems to extract essential nutrients
from their hosts. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) scavenges lipids (cholesterol and fatty …

Systemic administration of chemotherapeutic agents results in indiscriminate drug
distribution and severe toxicity. Here we report a technology potentially overcoming these …

The linear homopolymer poly-β-1, 6-N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (β-1, 6-GlcNAc; PGA) serves
as an adhesin for the maintenance of biofilm structural stability in diverse eubacteria. Its …