This review describes the research frontier on human capital and education in economics
research. It delineates what is known and largely agreed, and what are the most promising …

Gender differences in the STEM (Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics)
disciplines are widespread in most OECD countries and mathematics is the only subject …

Instrumental variables (IV) estimates show strong class-size effects in Southern Italy. But
Italy's Mezzogiorno is distinguished by manipulation of standardized test scores as well as …

We investigate the distributional consequences of a corruption-fighting initiative in Romania
targeting the endemic fraud in a high-stakes high school exit exam, which introduced CCTV …

We analyse how schooling in multigrade classes affects the formation of student cognitive
and non-cognitive skills. Our identification strategy is based on some institutional features of …

Assessment-led school reforms are a central pillar of policy packages recommended to
address low student achievement in developing countries. We use direct audit evidence to …

The rise of private tutoring globally has raised concerns over the hidden costs of “free”
education systems and how these costs contribute to the persistence of inequality. We …

We explore whether investment in school infrastructure affects students' achievement. We
use data on extra funding to state high schools after the 2012 Northern Italy earthquake and …

A central, yet understudied, component of state capacity is the quality of administrative data,
which is a key enabler of effective policy making. I study this in the context of education …

Based on the theoretical approaches of social capital and institutional trust, this paper seeks
to identify contextual factors and conditions behind teacher behaviours which aim to alter the …