In vitro chemical safety testing methods offer the potential for efficient and economical tools
to provide relevant assessments of human health risk. To realize this potential, methods are …

During the past few decades, the science of toxicology has been undergoing a
transformation from observational to predictive science. New approach methodologies …

Modeling and simulation of drug disposition has emerged as an important tool in drug
development, clinical study design and regulatory review, and the number of physiologically …

Safety sciences must cope with uncertainty of models and results as well as information
gaps. Acknowledging this uncertainty necessitates embracing probabilities and accepting …

A quantitative adverse outcome pathway (qAOP) consists of one or more biologically based,
computational models describing key event relationships linking a molecular initiating event …

Introduction Toxicity data are unavailable for many thousands of chemicals in commerce
and the environment. Therefore, risk assessors need to rapidly screen these chemicals for …

Time courses of compound concentrations in plasma are used in chemical safety analysis to
evaluate the relationship between external administered doses and internal tissue …

This review provides a tutorial for individuals interested in quantitative veterinary
pharmacology and toxicology and offers a basis for establishing guidelines for …

Scientifically sound, risk-informed evaluation of chemicals is essential to protecting public
health. Systematically leveraging information from exposure, toxicology, and epidemiology …

The purpose of this article is to provide an overview and practical guide to occupational
health professionals concerning the derivation and use of dose estimates in risk assessment …