Collective animal behaviour is the study of how interactions between individuals produce
group level patterns, and why these interactions have evolved. This study has proved itself …

How different levels of biological organization interact to shape each other's function is a
central question in biology. One particularly important topic in this context is how individuals' …

abstract Ant mill, caterpillar circle, bat doughnut, amphibian vortex, duck swirl, and fish torus
are different names for rotating circular animal formations, where individuals turn around a …

A central question in ecology is how to link processes that occur over different scales. The
daily interactions of individual organisms ultimately determine community dynamics …

Quantifying distributed information processing is crucial to understanding collective motion
in animal groups. Recent studies have begun to apply rigorous methods based on …

As an essential mechanism of scientific self-correction, articles are retracted for many
reasons, including errors in processing data and computation of results. In today's data …

Inference of interaction rules of animals moving in groups usually relies on an analysis of
large scale system behaviour. Models are tuned through repeated simulation until they …

Wingless locust nymphs can form massive migratory groups known as bands, whose
coordinated movement results from local interactions. We analysed the spatial distribution of …

Fallibility in Science 433 be worse. The person who does this is entering into a Faustian pact
to reject science in favor of personal ambition. As data fraudster Diederik Stapel openly …

Background Coordinated movement in social animal groups via social learning facilitates
foraging activity. Few studies have examined the behavioral cause-and-effect between …