This review focuses on the multiple and reciprocal relationships that exist between oxidative
stress, hyperglycemia and diabetes and related metabolic disorders. Human metabolism …

The tripeptide glutathione is found in all eukaryotic cells, and due to the
compartmentalization of biochemical processes, its synthesis takes place exclusively in the …

Ascorbic acid is synthesised by eukaryotes, the known exceptions being primates and some
other animal groups which have lost functional gulonolactone oxidase. Prokaryotes do not …

Peroxynitrite is a short-lived and reactive biological oxidant formed from the diffusion-
controlled reaction of the free radicals superoxide (O2•–) and nitric oxide (• NO). In this …

Reactive oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur species, referred to as ROS, RNS, and RSS,
respectively, are produced during normal cell function and in response to various stimuli. An …

The discovery that there is a close relationship between ascorbate and glutathione dates
from soon after the characterization of the chemical formulae of the two molecules (Szent …

A common need for microbial cells is the ability to respond to potentially toxic environmental
insults. Here we review the progress in understanding the response of the yeast …

Mitochondria are a quantitatively relevant source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the
majority of cell types. Here we review the sources and metabolism of ROS in this organelle …

Abstract Significance: Peroxiredoxins (Prxs) are thiol peroxidases with multiple functions in
the antioxidant defense and redox signaling network of the cell. Our progressing …

I. Introduction II. Classification of Plant Prxs and Their Distribution in Plants and
Cyanobacteria III. Peroxidase Activity of Peroxiredoxins IV. Conformational Dynamics and …