OBJECTIVE: After prolonged opioid exposure, children develop opioid-induced
hyperalgesia, tolerance, and withdrawal. Strategies for prevention and management should …

In Australia and New Zealand, in parallel with other developed countries, the number of
patients prescribed opioids on a long-term basis has grown rapidly over the last decade …

Critically ill pediatric patients frequently receive prolonged analgesia and sedation to
provide pain relief and facilitate intensive care therapies. Iatrogenic withdrawal syndrome …

As most critically ill or injured patients will require some degree of sedation, the goal of this
paper was to comprehensively review the literature associated with use of sedative agents …

Objectives. To develop evidence-based practice guidelines for the pharmacological
treatment of opioid abuse and dependence. Methods. An international task force of the …

We aim to develop evidence-based recommendations for intensivists caring for children
admitted to intensive care units and requiring analgesia and sedation. A panel of national …

Background: Sedoanalgesia secondary iatrogenic withdrawal syndrome (IWS) in paediatric
intensive units is frequent and its assessment is complex. Therapies are heterogeneous …

Objective: To (1) provide an overview of the epidemiology, clinical presentation, and risk
factors of iatrogenic opioid withdrawal in critically ill patients and (2) conduct a literature …

Delirium is a serious and common problem in severely medically ill patients of all ages. It
has been less addressed in children and adolescents. Treatment of delirium is predicated …

OBJECTIVE To characterise the incidence, symptoms and risk factors for withdrawal
associated with prolonged dexmedetomidine infusion in paediatric critically ill patients …