With the advent of X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs), new, high-throughput serial
crystallography techniques for macromolecular structure determination have emerged …

BACKGROUND Conformational changes are essential for the correct functioning of
biological macromolecules. Time-resolved x-ray crystallography extends an extremely …

A survey of protein databases indicates that the majority of enzymes exist in oligomeric
forms, with about half of those found in the UniProt database being homodimeric …

Understanding the mechanisms and kinetics of enzymatic reactions is essential for studies
of life science and for bioengineering. Here the different reaction states in the catalytic cycle …

The current state-of-the-art experiments in time-resolved structural biology are undoubtedly
the recent extremely impressive results that are emerging from XFEL-based experiments …

Careful selection of photocaging approaches is critical to achieve fast and well synchronized
reaction initiation and perform successful time-resolved structural biology experiments. This …

Cytochrome c oxidase (C c O) is part of the respiratory chain and contributes to the
electrochemical membrane gradient in mitochondria as well as in many bacteria, as it uses …

X-ray crystallography enables detailed structural studies of proteins to understand and
modulate their function. Conducting crystallographic experiments at cryogenic temperatures …

Serial X-ray crystallography at free-electron lasers allows to solve biomolecular structures
from sub-micron-sized crystals. However, beam time at these facilities is scarce, and …

Here, we illustrate what happens inside the catalytic cleft of an enzyme when substrate or
ligand binds on single-millisecond timescales. The initial phase of the enzymatic cycle is …