Over a third of the human genome consists of interspersed repetitive sequences which are
primarily degenerate copies of transposable elements. In the past year, the identities of …

Although endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are known to harbor cis-regulatory elements,
their role in modulating cellular immune responses remains poorly understood. Using an …

Primates emerged about 60 million years ago. Since that time various primate-targeting
retroviruses have integrated in the germ line of primate species, and some drifted to fixation …

Recent studies have revealed the contribution of TRIM5α to retrovirus restriction in cells from
a variety of primate species. TRIM5α consists of a tripartite motif (the RBCC domain) …

The long terminal repeat (LTR) of human endogenous retrovirus type 9 (ERV9) acts as a
germline-specific promoter that induces the expression of a proapoptotic isoform of the …

The immunity-related GTPases (IRG proteins) are one of the strongest early resistance
systems against intracellular pathogens. The IRG gene family contains 21 copies arranged …

The solitary long terminal repeats (LTRs) of ERV-9 endogenous retrovirus contain the U3, R,
and U5 regions but no internal viral genes. They are middle repetitive DNAs present at …

Mutations in human gene pathology and evolution represent two sides of the same coin in
that the same mechanisms that have frequently been implicated in disease‐associated …

Transcription of the human β-like globin genes in erythroid cells is regulated by the far-
upstream locus control region (LCR). In an attempt to define the 5′ border of the LCR, we …

The solitary LTRs of ERV-9 human endogenous retrovirus are middle repetitive DNAs
associated with 3,000–4,000 human gene loci including the β-globin gene locus where the …