Chlorinated solvents often were released to the subsurface environment in wastewater or in
the form of dense nonaqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs). As a result of their physical and …

A field pilot test in which hydraulic fracturing was used to emplace granular remediation
amendment (a mixture of zero‐valent iron [ZVI] and organic carbon) into fine‐grained …

Clay till more than 1 m thick covers more than 40% of Denmark (Klint and Gravesen, 1999),
and large parts of North America and Europe (Parker et al., 1994). These low permeability …

Hydraulic fracturing (or fracking) of substrates and proppants into contaminated soils is a
developing, but understudied, practice of stimulating in situ bioremediation. In this work …

Injection of edible oils into the subsurface can provide an effective, low-cost alternative for
stimulating anaerobic bioremediation processes. However concerns have been raised …

“Bio-fracing™” is a term used to describe the hydraulic fracturing of a soil with the
simultaneous delivery of a bio-amendment incorporated into the fracture slurry. The Bio …

Traditional approaches to site remediation at oil and gas sites include soil excavation and
landfill disposal, attempts on site at ex-situ treatment (“bio-piles”), or landspreading and …

Much of North America is covered with fine-grained sediments of low inherent permeability.
These fine-grained soils are generally not very permeable to either liquids or gases …