Apoptosis is a form of regulated cell death (RCD) that involves proteases of the caspase
family. Pharmacological and genetic strategies that experimentally inhibit or delay apoptosis …

Ocular diseases seriously affect patients' vision and life quality, with a global morbidity of
over 43 million blindness. However, efficient drug delivery to treat ocular diseases …

The eye's intricate anatomical barriers pose significant challenges to the penetration,
residence time, and bioavailability of topically applied medications, particularly in managing …

Dietary intervention could modulate age-related neurological disorders via the gut–brain
axis. The potential roles of a probiotic and the dietary fiber complex (DFC) on brain and gut …

Blindness affects more than 60 million people worldwide. Retinal disorders, including age-
related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy (DR), and glaucoma, are the …

Gene therapy has become an essential treatment for optic nerve injury (ONI) in recent years,
and great strides have been made using animal models. ONI, which is characterized by the …

Tissue regeneration technology has been rapidly developed and widely applied in tissue
engineering and repair. Compared with traditional approaches like surgical treatment, the …

Innovative and new drug delivery systems (DDSs) have recently been developed to vehicle
treatments and drugs to the ocular posterior segment and the retina. New formulations and …

Ocular delivery is the most challenging aspect in the field of pharmaceutical research. The
major hurdle for the controlled delivery of drugs to the eye includes the physiological static …

Glaucoma is a group of progressive optic nerve disorders characterized by the loss of retinal
ganglion cells, a thinner retinal nerve fibre layer and cupping of the optic disk. Apoptosis is a …