Abstract Purpose of Review To review the role of the immune cells and their interaction with
cells found in gingiva, periodontal ligament, and bone that leads to net bone loss in …

Chronic inflammation including autoimmune disease is an important risk factor for the
development of osteoporosis. Receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) and …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) act as intracellular signaling molecules in the regulation of
receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-dependent osteoclast differentiation …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a role in intracellular signaling during
osteoclastogenesis. We previously reported that transcriptional factor nuclear factor E2 …

Bone destructive diseases such as periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis are caused by
excessive activation of osteoclasts. Osteoclastogenesis is regulated by Receptor activator of …

Periodontal disease (periodontitis) is a chronic inflammatory condition initiated by microbial
infection that leads to gingival tissue destruction and alveolar bone resorption. The …

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease with a complex underlying
immunopathology. Cytokines, as molecular mediators of inflammation, play a role in all …

Interferons (IFNs) play essential roles in regulating osteoclast differentiation and bone
resorption. Over the last decade, we have seen tremendous developments in our …

Inflammation-induced bone destruction is a major treatment target in many inflammatory
skeletal diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate if the cysteine proteinase …

Interferon gamma (IFNγ) has been reported to induce osteoblastogenesis from
mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) both in vitro and in vivo. With ageing, adipocytes …