Epoxy is widely used in industry and has a wide range of applications, including material
coating, electronics, adhesives, and fiber-reinforced plastics, but its production from fossil …

This work focused on the chemical synthesis and characterization of palm kernel oil (PKO)
for biolubricant production using transesterification of palm kernel methyl ester with …

In this study, a bio-resource resin was synthesized via epoxidation and carbonation of
linseed oil (LO) in acidic conditions, and then in the presence of tetra‐n‐butyl ammonium …

The world consumption of raw materials has shifted from the use of non-renewable materials
to renewable materials. Studies on greener epoxidation by using vegetable oils to produce …

The gradual depletion of fossil fuel reserves and the sharp rise in the cost of fossil fuels have
generated a frenzy of activities in the quest to search for renewable source-based …

Government initiatives, price cuts, and innovations in technology have caused a shift in the
world's raw material consumption towards renewable materials. The polymer industry has …

The increasing glycerol consumption will result in an issue for further applications of methyl
esters, which are produced together with glycerol by transesterification of vegetable …

Poly (vinyl chloride), PVC has extensive applications due to the incorporation of plasticizers
on it. Plasticizers are known to make PVC polymers flexible, malleable, and easy to process …

This paper reports the study on the formation of dihydroxystearic acid (DHSA) from
epoxidized palm oil-derived oleic acid (EPOOA) through the in-situ hydrolysis process. The …

Bio-polyols (BPOs), characterized by a hydroxyl number up to around 90 mg KOH/g, narrow
polydispersity index and relatively low molecular mass up to 2000 g/mol, were synthetized …