New psychoactive substances (NPS) are a heterogeneous group of substances. They are
associated with a number of health and social harms on an individual and societal level …

The rapid emergence since the mid-2000s of a large and diverse range of substances
originally designed as legal alternatives to more established illicit drugs (pragmatically …

Cannabis elicits its mood-enhancing and analgesic effects through the cannabinoid receptor
1 (CB1), a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that signals primarily through the adenylyl …

Cannabis (also known as marijuana) is the most frequently used illicit psychoactive
substance in the world. Though it was long considered to be a “soft” drug, studies have …

The information obtained from the chemical analysis of specific human excretion products
(biomarkers) in urban wastewater can be used to estimate the exposure or consumption of …

The word “cannabinoid” refers to every chemical substance, regardless of structure or origin,
that joins the cannabinoid receptors of the body and brain and that have similar effects to …

Although several chemical structural classes of synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) were recently
classified as Schedule I substances, rates of use and cases of serious toxic effects remain …

There is a growing use of novel psychoactive substances containing synthetic cannabinoids.
Synthetic cannabinoid products have effects similar to those of natural cannabis, yet, these …

As part of an increasing worldwide use of designer drugs, recent use of compounds
containing cathinones and synthetic cannabinoids is especially prevalent. Here, we …

Synthetic cannabinoids (SCBs), also known under the brand names of “Spice,”“K2,”“herbal
incense,”“Cloud 9,”“Mojo” and many others, are becoming a large public health concern due …