The global H5N1 influenza panzootic in mammals
Influenza A viruses (IAV) have caused more documented global pandemics in human
history than any other pathogen1, 2. High pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) viruses …
history than any other pathogen1, 2. High pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) viruses …
Evolution, global spread, and pathogenicity of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5Nx clade 2.3. 4.4
Novel subtypes of Asian-origin (Goose/Guangdong lineage) H5 highly pathogenic avian
influenza (HPAI) viruses belonging to clade 2.3. 4, such as H5N2, H5N5, H5N6, and H5N8 …
influenza (HPAI) viruses belonging to clade 2.3. 4, such as H5N2, H5N5, H5N6, and H5N8 …
The episodic resurgence of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5 virus
Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 activity has intensified globally since 2021,
increasingly causing mass mortality in wild birds and poultry and incidental infections in …
increasingly causing mass mortality in wild birds and poultry and incidental infections in …
[HTML][HTML] Intercontinental movement of highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) clade 2.3. 4.4 virus to the United States, 2021
SN Bevins, SA Shriner, JC Cumbee Jr… - Emerging infectious …, 2022 - ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
We detected Eurasian-origin highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) virus belonging to
the Gs/GD lineage, clade 2.3. 4.4 b, in wild waterfowl in 2 Atlantic coastal states in the United …
the Gs/GD lineage, clade 2.3. 4.4 b, in wild waterfowl in 2 Atlantic coastal states in the United …
[HTML][HTML] H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza clade 2.3. 4.4 b in wild and domestic birds: Introductions into the United States and reassortments, December 2021 …
Highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) of the A/goose/Guangdong/1/1996
lineage H5 clade 2.3. 4.4 b continue to have a devastating effect on domestic and wild birds …
lineage H5 clade 2.3. 4.4 b continue to have a devastating effect on domestic and wild birds …
Characterization of neurotropic HPAI H5N1 viruses with novel genome constellations and mammalian adaptive mutations in free-living mesocarnivores in Canada
TN Alkie, S Cox, C Embury-Hyatt… - Emerging microbes & …, 2023 - Taylor & Francis
The GsGd lineage (A/goose/Guangdong/1/1996) H5N1 virus was introduced to Canada in
2021/2022 through the Atlantic and East Asia-Australasia/Pacific flyways by migratory birds …
2021/2022 through the Atlantic and East Asia-Australasia/Pacific flyways by migratory birds …
Ecological divergence of wild birds drives avian influenza spillover and global spread
The diversity of influenza A viruses (IAV) is primarily hosted by two highly divergent avian
orders: Anseriformes (ducks, swans and geese) and Charadriiformes (gulls, terns and …
orders: Anseriformes (ducks, swans and geese) and Charadriiformes (gulls, terns and …
A brief history of bird flu
In 1918, a strain of influenza A virus caused a human pandemic resulting in the deaths of 50
million people. A century later, with the advent of sequencing technology and corresponding …
million people. A century later, with the advent of sequencing technology and corresponding …
Role for migratory wild birds in the global spread of avian influenza H5N8
Global Consortium for H5N8 and Related Influenza … - Science, 2016 - science.org
Avian influenza viruses affect both poultry production and public health. A subtype H5N8
(clade 2.3. 4.4) virus, following an outbreak in poultry in South Korea in January 2014 …
(clade 2.3. 4.4) virus, following an outbreak in poultry in South Korea in January 2014 …
Highly pathogenic avian influenza is an emerging disease threat to wild birds in North America
Prior to the emergence of the A/goose/Guangdong/1/1996 (Gs/GD) H5N1 influenza A virus,
the long‐held and well‐supported paradigm was that highly pathogenic avian influenza …
the long‐held and well‐supported paradigm was that highly pathogenic avian influenza …