Natural systems are, almost by definition, heterogeneous: this can be either a boon or an
obstacle to be overcome, depending on the situation. Traditionally, when constructing …

Seasonal influenza viruses create a persistent global disease burden by evolving to escape
immunity induced by prior infections and vaccinations. New antigenic variants have a …

The theory of probability and stochastic processes is often neglected in the education of
chemists and biologists, although modern experimental techniques allow for investigations …

Heterogeneity and variability is ubiquitous in biology and physiology and one of the great
modelling challenges is how we cope with and quantify this variability. There are a wide …

Stochastic modelling is critical for studying many biochemical processes in a cell, in
particular when some reacting species have low population numbers. For many such …

Biochemical reaction systems in a cell exhibit stochastic behaviour, owing to the
unpredictable nature of the molecular interactions. The fluctuations at the molecular level …

Recently Anderson and Mattingly [Comm. Math. Sci. 9, 301 (2011)] proposed a method
which can solve chemical Langevin equations with weak second order accuracy. We extend …

Sensitivity analysis characterizes the dependence of a model's behaviour on system
parameters. It is a critical tool in the formulation, characterization, and verification of models …

Stochastic modeling is essential for an accurate description of the biochemical network
dynamics at the level of a single cell. Biochemically reacting systems often evolve on …

In this paper, we present a novel hybrid method to simulate discrete stochastic reaction-
diffusion models arising in biochemical signaling pathways. We study moderately stiff …