Much has been learned since the early 1960s about histone post-translational modifications
(PTMs) and how they affect DNA-templated processes at the molecular level. This …

Precise control of gene expression is fundamental to cell function and development.
Although ultimately gene expression relies on DNA-binding transcription factors to guide the …

More than 80 years ago, the first Polycomb-related phenotype was identified in Drosophila
melanogaster. Later, a group of diverse genes collectively called Polycomb group (PcG) …

Posttranslational modifications of histones (PTMs) are associated with specific chromatin
and gene expression states,. Although studies in Drosophila melanogaster have revealed …

Cell type-specific gene expression relies on transcription factors (TFs) binding DNA
sequence motifs embedded in chromatin. Understanding how motifs are accessed in …

Abstract RNA polymerase II (Pol II) core promoters are specialized DNA sequences at
transcription start sites of protein-coding and non-coding genes that support the assembly of …

The polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) is a chromatin-associated methyltransferase
catalyzing mono-, di-, and trimethylation of lysine 27 on histone H3 (H3K27). This activity is …

Polycomb (PcG) and Trithorax (TrxG) group proteins are evolutionarily conserved chromatin-
modifying factors originally identified as part of an epigenetic cellular memory system that …

Histone methylation can occur at various sites in histone proteins, primarily on lysine and
arginine residues, and it can be governed by multiple positive and negative regulators, even …

Polycomb group proteins (PcGs) maintain transcriptional repression to preserve cellular
identity in two distinct repressive complexes, PRC1 and PRC2, that modify histones by …